1、Advances in Toughening Modification Methods for Epoxy Resins: A
The rubber toughening method, thermoplastic resin toughening method, hyperbranched polymer toughening method, and flexible chain segment toughening method are all effective strategies for enhancing the toughness of epoxy resins.
2、Bio
Improving the toughness of epoxy resin (EP) while maintaining its strength is still considered a huge challenge. Herein, a novel bio-based curing agent, PA–DAD, has successfully been developed for EP that provides both mechanical reinforcement and flame retardancy.
3、Hyperbranched Thiol
To address this, we designed and synthesized a series of thiol-terminated branched polyurethanes with varying molecular weights to act as curing agents for epoxy resins.
(PDF) Synthesis of an Epoxy Toughening Curing Agent through
Utilizing this property, a novel approach for the treatment of PTA sludge waste was developed for its modification and re-use. This study focuses on the preparation of epoxy curing agents...
Advances in Toughening Modification Methods for Epoxy Resins: A
The rubber toughening method, thermoplastic resin toughening method, hyperbranched polymer toughening method, and flexible chain segment toughening method are all effective strategies for enhancing the toughness of epoxy resins.
Toughening epoxy resins: Recent advances in network architectures and
To achieve a synergistic enhancement of strength and toughness, recent efforts have focused on engineering multiscale toughening networks and leveraging rheological techniques to elucidate their structural evolution.
Study on Curing Kinetics and Toughening Modification of Epoxy Resin
A series of reinforced and toughed curing epoxy resins (EPs) were prepared by incorporating nano SiO 2 and the flexible 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether (1,4-BDDE) into the DGEBA/BPF system and mixed uniformly through high speed vacuum defoaming.
Modification of Epoxy Resin with 13bac Curing Agent
Toughening epoxy resins with flexible chain segments involves incorporating various flexible chains into the cured system through molecular design strategies, either by modifying the curing agent or directly altering the epoxy resin.
A Modified Imidazole as a Novel Latent Curing Agent with Toughening
The curing behavior of modified imidazole/epoxy was investigated by nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry method and the curing kinetics results revealed that the modified imidazole has higher curing temperature but similar apparent activation energy.
Improve the Toughness of Epoxy Resin Insulating Materials by
Therefore, toughening has been the first problem to be solved for the development of new epoxy insulating materials. In this paper, the method of compounding acid anhydride curing agent is used to improve the toughness of epoxy resin insulation materials.
Epoxy curing agents are essential chemicals that promote the crosslinking and curing reactions of epoxy resins. In industrial applications, epoxy resins are widely used in fields such as electronics, aviation, automotive, and construction due to their excellent mechanical properties, electrical insulation, and chemical stability. epoxy resins inherently suffer from brittleness, which limits their use in extreme environments. researching and developing effective toughening methods is critical to enhancing the performance of epoxy resins.
Toughening methods for epoxy curing agents can be broadly categorized into physical toughening and chemical toughening.
Physical Toughening involves incorporating highly elastic fillers or reinforcing phases to improve fracture toughness. Common physical toughening agents include inorganic fillers like carbon black, carbon fibers, and glass fibers. These materials significantly enhance the tensile strength and impact resistance of epoxy resins. For example, carbon fibers, as a reinforcing phase, offer high strength and low density, endowing composites with exceptional specific strength and stiffness, thereby greatly improving the toughness of epoxy resins.
Chemical Toughening introduces specific chemical structures to enhance material flexibility. Common methods include copolymerization modification, graft modification, and nanoparticle modification. Copolymerization involves integrating flexible segments (e.g., polyethers or polyesters) into epoxy molecular chains, increasing chain flexibility and mobility. Graft modification attaches flexible groups to epoxy polymer chains via chemical reactions, forming branches that improve chain flexibility. Nanoparticle modification leverages the high surface area and reactivity of nanoparticles to interact with epoxy resins, creating network structures that boost toughness.
Beyond traditional approaches, emerging toughening strategies are under investigation. For instance, materials with microcrack self-healing mechanisms can autonomously repair damage under external forces, maintaining toughness. Additionally, using bio-based materials as epoxy matrices reduces brittleness and enhances flexibility.
Practical implementation requires selecting appropriate toughening methods based on the epoxy type, application environment, and performance demands. For example, physical toughening is more effective for high-impact scenarios, while chemical or nanoparticle modifications may be preferred for long-term chemical resistance.
toughening methods for epoxy curing agents represent a diverse field encompassing various physical and chemical techniques. With advancements in materials science, future innovations will likely introduce efficient, eco-friendly toughening technologies to meet rigorous engineering demands. By exploring and applying these methods, we can develop stronger, more durable epoxy materials, expanding their potential across industries.
