1、Polymerization of terpenes and terpenoids using metal catalysts

Different mechanisms have been used for terpene polymerization, such as radical, ionic, coordination-insertion and coordinative chain-growth. In this chapter, an overview of the most commonly studied terpenes in polymerization processes catalyzed by metal compounds, excluding radical-based transformations, will be provided.

2、The Chemistry of Tackifying Terpene Resins

Terpene resins can be considered as solid sol vents for a rubber which function by solubilizing the smaller tack-bestowing molecules from their dispersion in the mass of a rubber.

3、Improving the Performance of Photoactive Terpene

Resin formulations based on biobased terpenes were investigated to offer a simple, scalable, and environmentally friendly route for rapid photocuring.

Polyterpene Resisns: Part I – A Brief Historical Review

The terpene phenolic resins are generally produced by boron trifluoride catalyst of a substituted phenol and a terpene (GOBRAN, 1975 and 1977). Often other dienes are added.

The synthesis of diverse terpene architectures from phenols

Here we show that the synthesis of polycyclic terpene molecules can be achieved through a predictable and reliable process that starts from phenols. The synthetic route comprises three steps:...

A Novel Approach to the Development of Natural Resin‐Based Biopolymer

In this study, it was aimed to synthesize and model the natural terpene-rosin phenolic resin (TRPR) by (a) reacting terpene and resin acids together in a single step without predistillation and (b) using an environmentally friendly and reusable ion-exchange catalyst (Amberlyst15).

Terpene Based Elastomers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

The synthetic methodologies comprise of various polymerization techniques (to polymerize terpene-based monomers) and coupling reactions (to attach terpene entities to different synthetic polymers).

Terpenes: A Valuable Family of Compounds for the Production of Fine

The phenol-containing terpene-based resins can be prepared by a Friedel-Craft alkylation reaction. Synthesis of polyesters through the polycondensation reaction can also occur, as well as radical copolymerizations [24], [25].

Preparation of High

Abstract: Lewis acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were applied for catalyzing the polymerization of β -pinene to obtain high-quality terpene resin for the first time. Structural...

The Chemistry of Tackifying Terpene Resins

Terpene Resins are low molecular weight hydrocarbon resins prepared by cationic polymerization of certain terpenes. They are used as tackifiers in pressure-sensitive tapes, masking tapes, hot melt coatings and adhesives, laminating adhesives and rubber solution adhesives.

Terpene resin, as an important polymer material, plays a pivotal role in modern industry. Its unique chemical structure and physical properties have enabled widespread applications in coatings, adhesives, composite materials, and other fields. This article provides an in-depth exploration of the synthesis mechanisms of terpene resin and its performance in practical applications, with the aim of offering references for research and application of terpene resin.

1. Synthesis Pathways of Terpene Resin

Terpene resin is typically synthesized using raw materials such as petroleum pitch or coal tar through methods like catalytic cracking or thermal cracking. Among these, catalytic cracking is the most common approach. It involves the use of catalysts to break long-chain hydrocarbon compounds in the raw materials into short-chain olefins and aromatics. These olefins and aromatics then undergo further polymerization to form terpene resin with specific molecular weights.

2. Structural Features of Terpene Resin

Terpene resin is a complex polymer compound characterized by long chains composed of multiple carbon atoms, which are linked by carbon-carbon single bonds. The molecular weight of terpene resin varies widely, ranging from several thousand to millions, endowing it with high viscosity and excellent heat resistance. Additionally, its robust chemical stability and mechanical properties make it suitable for diverse applications.

3. Applications of Terpene Resin

1. Coatings Industry

Terpene resin is widely used in various coatings due to its excellent adhesion, wear resistance, and chemical resistance. It demonstrates superior performance in automotive coatings, marine coatings, and industrial anti-corrosion paints.

2. Adhesives Industry

The flexibility and tensile strength of terpene resin make it an ideal raw material for adhesive manufacturing. In industries such as construction, packaging, and furniture, terpene resin-based adhesives are favored for their environmental friendliness and durability.

3. Composite Materials Field

The high elasticity and exceptional heat resistance of terpene resin make it a preferred choice for manufacturing high-performance composite materials. In aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and sports equipment, terpene resin composites exhibit outstanding properties.

4. Modification and Application Expansion of Terpene Resin

To better meet the demands of different applications, researchers have conducted extensive modification studies on terpene resin. For example, adding different types of monomers or crosslinking agents can produce modified terpene resins with tailored properties. Additionally, blending or compounding terpene resin with other polymer materials has been explored to further enhance its performance.

As an important polymer material, terpene resin holds promising application prospects in coatings, adhesives, and composite materials. By studying its synthesis mechanisms and deeply understanding its structure and properties, we can better develop and utilize terpene resin resources to propel its development in various fields. In the future, with ongoing research and technological advancements, terpene resin is expected to play a unique role in emerging domains.