1、Development and evaluation of urea formaldehyde resin

This study aimed to investigate the effects of thermosetting urea formaldehyde (UF) resin on thermoplastic poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) biocomposites. C…

2、Urea–Formaldehyde Strengthened by Polyvinyl Alcohol: Impact on

To address the problem of environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mulch film, this study developed a novel sprayable mulch using natural fibers and biodegradable polymers. Urea–formaldehyde resin (UF), strengthened with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), was used as a modifier to induce beneficial physicochemical structural changes in PVA-modified urea ...

3、Journal of Applied Polymer Science

Based on the requirements of resin-based plugging agents on initial viscosity, gel time and cost, the urea-formaldehyde resin Poly-UF was synthesized via aqueous solution polymerization. Subsequently, the Poly-UF was further modified by using melamine, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and oxidized starch to enhance its application performances, which were marked by Poly-UF-M, Poly-UF-PVA and Poly-UF ...

4、Urea

Urea-formaldehyde resin (UF), strengthened with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), was used as a modifier to induce beneficial physicochemical structural changes in PVA-modified urea-formaldehyde (PUF) resins.

5、(PDF) Physico

Urea formaldehyde (UF) resins are brittle and to improve their tensile properties poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) has been used to modify the UF resin. An easy improved procedure was developed to make ...

Study on modification of urea

Synthesis technology and properties of urea-formaldehyde resin modified with melamine and polyvinyl alcohol was studied.The influences of molar ratio of formaldehyde to urea,add time of melamine,content of polyvinyl alcohol,pH value of the polycondensation reaction on the free formaldehyde content and shear strength were approached.The results ...

Urea–Formaldehyde Strengthened by Polyvinyl Alcohol: Impact on Mulch

Abstract To address the problem of environmental pollution caused by the extensive use of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) mulch film, this study developed a novel sprayable mulch using natural fibers and biodegradable polymers. Urea–formaldehyde resin (UF), strengthened with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), was used as a modifier to induce beneficial physicochemical structural changes in PVA ...

Preparation and properties of a polyvinyl alcohol toughened urea

Highly cross-linked thermosetting resin, such as phenolic formaldehyde resin (PF) [4], melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) [5] and urea formaldehyde resin (UF) [6], can be used to produce rigid foams. Such foams are characterized by their low density, good thermal insulation and excellent flame-retardant properties.

Reactive toughening of urea–formaldehyde resin with poly(vinyl alcohol

Abstract: A series of urea–formaldehyde/poly (vinyl alcohol) (UF/PVA) blends were prepared via in situ polymerization. During the synthesis process, intra‐ and intermolecular acetalization of PVA occurred, along with the addition and condensation reactions between urea and formaldehyde, resulting in the formation of UF/PVA interpenetrating networks. With the increase of PVA content, the ...

Reactive toughening of urea–formaldehyde resin with poly(vinyl alcohol

A series of urea–formaldehyde/poly (vinyl alcohol) (UF/PVA) blends were prepared via in situ polymerization. During the synthesis process, intra‐ and intermolecular acetalization of PVA occurred, along with the addition and condensation reactions between urea and formaldehyde, resulting in the formation of UF/PVA interpenetrating networks.

In modern materials science, polymeric synthetic materials have become a driving force for industrial advancement due to their unique physical and chemical properties. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), a widely used bio-based polymer, has garnered significant attention in research and application for modifying urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins. This not only expands the diversity of polymer composites but also offers new solutions for environmental protection and sustainable development. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of the properties, preparation methods, and practical significance of PVA-modified UF resins.

Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), scientifically known as poly(vinyl acetate) hydrolysis product, is a water-soluble polymer synthesized from the polymerization of vinyl acetate monomers. It exhibits excellent film-forming ability, adhesive properties, and robust water/chemical resistance, making it widely applicable in coatings, adhesives, and textile processing. Urea-formaldehyde (UF) resin, a traditional thermosetting resin, is valued for its low cost and mechanical strength. its use in food-contact materials is limited due to formaldehyde release issues.

To address this challenge, researchers have developed various modification techniques, among which blending with PVA is the most effective. This approach significantly reduces formaldehyde emissions, enhancing the resin’s environmental friendliness. Additionally, blending improves mechanical strength and thermal stability, making it suitable for high-performance materials.

During modification, PVA is dissolved in an appropriate solvent and mixed with UF resin via solution casting or suspension polymerization. PVA molecules react with hydroxymethyl groups in UF resin, forming hydrogen bonds that suppress free formaldehyde. The introduction of PVA also increases cross-linking density, further lowering formaldehyde release rates.

The modified UF resin demonstrates markedly improved performance. In coatings, it shows better adhesion and water resistance, suitable for outdoor and humid environments. In adhesives, shorter curing times and higher bonding strengths make it ideal for furniture and construction materials. In textile processing, PVA-modified UF coatings enhance wear resistance and tear strength, extending product lifespan.

Beyond these applications, modified UF resins hold potential in healthcare and electronic packaging. For example, they can be used to fabricate biocompatible casings for medical implants or as high-performance encapsulants to protect electronic components.

Despite performance gains, cost remains a barrier to broader adoption. Future research priorities include reducing costs while maintaining or improving performance. This may involve developing more efficient synthesis processes, optimizing raw material ratios, or exploring eco-friendly solvents and catalysts.

The study and application of PVA-modified UF resins is an interdisciplinary field spanning chemistry, materials science, and environmental science. Through ongoing technological innovation and expanded applications, this material system is poised to play a pivotal role in the future materials market, contributing significantly to societal progress.