1、A comprehensive review on modified phenolic resin composites for

Current research on PR modification emphasizes both physical methods, including filler enhancement and fiber reinforcement, and chemical methods, such as copolymerization, grafting, and cross-linking.

2、可陶瓷化酚醛树脂及其复合材料研究进展

As an emerging modified phenolic resin, ceramizable phenolic resin can form a carbon/ceramic coupling layer during ablation process, which significantly enhances the ablation resistance...

3、Aramid Nanofiber

This study presents, for the first time, the incorporation of aramid nanofibers into phenolic resin-modified CP to construct a highly conductive and corrosion-resistant carbon framework with a three-dimensional cross-linked architecture.

Research progress on modification of phenolic resin

With the widening of the application fields of phenolic resins, many types of modifiers have been used to modify the molecular structure of phenolic resins.

State

This study focuses on recent advancements in carbon-and-phenolic and carbon-and-elastomeric composites, considering factors such as erosion speed; high-temperature resistance; tensile, bending, and compressive strength; fiber–matrix interaction; and char formation.

Carbon Phenolic Composites: An Overview

Carbon phenolic composites represent a remarkable synergy between carbon fibers and phenolic resins, resulting in materials that excel in high temperature and high stress environments.

Research Progress on Enhancing the Oxidation and Ablation Resistance of

CF/Ph combines the dual advantages of carbon fiber and phenolic resin, and it has the advantages of light weight, high strength, high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance, as well as good processing performance.

Phenolic Resin

Herein, a liquid-phase mixing strategy is employed to combine nano-Si, phenolic resin (PF), and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs, 0.05 wt %) with an optimal stirring speed of 3000 rpm, which ensures uniform dispersion of SWCNTs without inducing oxidation of the nano-Si.

A comprehensive review on modified phenolic resin

Current research on PR modification emphasizes both physical methods, including filler enhancement and fiber reinforcement, and chemical methods, such as copolymerization, grafting, and cross‐linking.

Mechanisms of simultaneously enhanced mechanical and tribological

Carbon fabrics/phenolic resin composites modified by GNPs possess excellent tribological performance. In this study, graphite nanoplatelets (GNPs) were grafted on the carbon fabrics (CFs) surface by chemical grafted method.

In modern materials science, phenolic resin is widely favored for its unique thermal stability and electrical insulation properties. the limitations of this traditional material have become increasingly evident, particularly in environments requiring high temperatures, pressures, or strength. To overcome these challenges, scientists have begun exploring ways to enhance phenolic resin’s performance through modification, one innovative approach being the integration of modified phenolic resin with carbon-based materials.

Modified phenolic resin refers to phenolic resin subjected to specialized treatments aimed at improving its heat resistance, mechanical strength, and chemical stability. This modification often involves chemical grafting, blending, or surface coating to incorporate carbon materials with superior properties. For instance, carbon fiber, known for its exceptional mechanical performance and low density, is widely used in composites. When employed as a modifier, carbon fiber significantly enhances the overall properties of the phenolic resin matrix.

During the modification process, carbon fiber must first be uniformly dispersed within the phenolic resin matrix. This can be achieved through mechanical mixing, ultrasonic dispersion, or chemical grafting. Subsequent heat treatment tightly bonds the carbon fiber to the resin matrix, creating a composite that retains the inherent advantages of phenolic resin while gaining enhanced performance from the carbon fiber.

Optimizing the performance of modified phenolic resin-carbon composites involves multiple considerations. First, the addition of carbon fiber improves tensile strength and flexural modulus, enabling applications in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and other high-performance fields. Additionally, the composite exhibits better thermal stability and chemical resistance, ensuring reliable performance in extreme environments.

Furthermore, these composites demonstrate excellent electrical insulation properties. As a superior dielectric material, carbon fiber effectively reduces the composite’s dielectric constant, enhancing its electrical performance. This is critical for applications requiring high insulation, such as electronic device encapsulation and power equipment insulation.

The selection of carbon fiber type (e.g., short or continuous fibers) and preparation processes is crucial. Different fibers have distinct microstructures and mechanical properties, influencing their incorporation methods and ratios. the chosen fabrication technique directly impacts the interfacial compatibility and bonding strength between the carbon fiber and resin matrix.

In practice, modified phenolic resin-carbon composites have proven their excellence. In aerospace, they are used to manufacture lightweight aircraft components, improving fuel efficiency. In automotive industries, they serve in high-performance brake and transmission systems, supporting vehicle lightweighting and emission reduction. In electronics, their superior insulation properties enhance device safety and reliability.

Despite their advantages, challenges remain. The addition of carbon fiber may affect processability, requiring optimized production techniques to balance performance and practicality. Additionally, the relatively high cost of carbon fiber limits large-scale adoption.

Looking ahead, advancements in nanotechnology and green manufacturing promise broader applications for these composites. Further research and innovation could expand their role in industrial development, driving progress and convenience for society.

the combination of modified phenolic resin and carbon not only revitalizes phenolic resin but also offers insights for other resin systems. As a pioneering material, this composite represents a vital direction for advancing high-performance materials.