1、What Can Dissolve Coumarone

Indene-coumarone resins (ICRs), produced from coumarone- and indene-rich coal-tar resin fractions, had dominated the world varnish market till the first petroleum resins emerged in the 1940s.

2、香豆酮

香豆酮-茚树脂是由煤焦油馏分（含香豆酮、茚等组分）经催化聚合制成的热塑性树脂，又称苯并呋喃-茚树脂或古马隆-茚树脂。 该树脂按软化点分为液体（5-35℃）、黏性固体（35-75℃）和脆性固体（75-135℃），外观呈浅黄至黑色黏稠液体或脆性固体，具有耐酸碱、耐水、电绝缘及热塑性特点，可溶于氯代烃、酯类等有机溶剂，但不溶于低级一元醇和多元醇及蓖麻油。 该树脂于1890年由美国人G.克雷默首创，通过氯化铝等催化剂聚合制得，主要用于橡胶软化剂（增强硫黄溶解性及炭黑分散性）、涂料（替代松香）、胶黏剂及塑料增塑剂，并应用于油墨、电池外壳和覆铜板低温脆化胶水制备。 21世纪初成为橡胶行业主导黏结剂，广泛用于轮胎、胶管等制品生产。

3、Data Sheet SP036 Coumerone Resin.doc

Solid Coumarone Indene RESIN is Brown-Yellow color block; Softening point range is 80-120°C; Relative density is 1.05-1.10. It is insoluble in the water, and easy to dissolve in the majority organic solvent.

4、香豆酮樹脂:製備方法,性能,用途,_中文百科全書

香豆酮樹脂 英文名：coumarone resin; coumarone-nidene resin 也稱為香豆酮-茚樹脂、氧茚樹脂、苯並呋喃-茚樹脂，又名古馬隆樹脂。 是以香豆酮和茚或其同系物聚合或共聚製得的聚合物。

5、香豆酮

古马隆树脂（Gum Arabic）是一种天然树脂，由古马隆树（Acacia nilotica）的树干中分泌的树胶所获得。 它主要生长在非洲和中东地区。 古马隆树脂具有多种特点和用途。 它是一种水溶性的胶体物质，可以很容易地溶解在水中形成胶状液体。 古马隆树脂还具有良好的保护性能和稳定性，能够防止氧化、降解和水解等反应的发生。 它常被用于涂料、墨水和胶水等工业中，以提供保护和稳定作用。 古马隆树脂还具有一定的药理作用。 它被用作一种天然的咳嗽镇咳剂和口腔溃疡护理剂。 古马隆树脂中所含有的多糖类物质也具有一定的抗氧化和抗炎作用，在中药制剂中也有应用。 最后更新：2024-04-09 21:01:54. 产品描述: 江苏博思特是一家专注于创新化学产品研发的科技型 …

COUMARONE RESIN

Thermoplastic resins of relatively low molecular weight produced by the catalytic and thermal polymerization of coumarone and indene. The coumarone content present in these resins is often less than 10%.

Indene

Solvent adhesives use NOVARES C and CA resins to improve various product properties. In dispersion adhesives, polar-modified aromatic NOVARES CA resins provide special solubility in alcohols.

What is coumarone resin? properties and applications

Coumarone Indene Resin is a versatile thermoplastic with applications in adhesives, rubber, paints, and electronics. Its thermal stability, adhesion, and insulation properties make it indispensable in industrial manufacturing.

香豆酮树脂_百度百科

香豆酮，也称苯并呋喃、氧茚、β-苯并呋喃，是一个杂环芳香有机化合物，可通过氯乙酸对水杨醛发生O-烷基化，而后失水得到。

Comparison on the performance of solid coumarone

Throughout the experiment, solid coumarone-indene resin modified asphalt (S-CMA) and liquid coumarone-indene resin modified asphalt (L-CMA) are prepared by blending solid coumarone-indene resin (S-CIR) and liquid coumarone-indene resin (L-CIR) into the base asphalt (YZ-70#).

Coumarone-indane resin is a high-molecular-weight compound widely used in the chemical field. Its complex and stable structure makes it an intermediate or final product in many synthetic reactions. due to its unique chemical properties, couparene-indane resin is not easily soluble in common organic solvents like methanol.

I. Structural Characteristics of Coumarone-Indene Resin

1. Molecular Weight and Structure

• Coumarone-indane resin is formed through the polymerization of long-chain hydrocarbons. The carbon atoms in these chains are connected by single bonds, creating an extensive three-dimensional network. This structure results in extremely high molecular weight and polarity, making it difficult to dissolve in most solvents.
• The molecular structure contains numerous benzene rings and aromatic groups, which increase its polarity and further limit its solubility in water. Additionally, the presence of benzene rings enhances its thermal stability and chemical resistance, allowing it to remain stable in many chemical reactions.

2. Solubility and Stability

• Although its molecular weight and structure hinder solubility in most solvents, couparene-indane resin can partially dissolve in highly polar solvents such as methanol, ethanol, or propanol. These solvents disrupt the nonpolar outer layer of the resin, exposing its internal structure for dissolution.
• even in these solvents, its solubility remains low due to its large molecular size and complex structure. Dissolution is also influenced by temperature, concentration, and other factors, requiring careful selection of conditions for practical applications.

3. Factors Affecting Solubility

• Solubility depends on molecular weight, structure, solvent properties, temperature, and concentration. For example, increasing solvent polarity (e.g., using methanol instead of nonpolar solvents) improves solubility by breaking down the resin’s nonpolar matrix.
• Temperature and concentration also play roles: higher temperatures accelerate molecular movement and interaction, while increased concentration enhances solubility.

4. Applications of Solubility

• While couparene-indane resin is challenging to dissolve in methanol, partial dissolution under specific conditions (e.g., using polar solvents or adjusting temperature/concentration) is critical for preparing solutions, conducting reactions, or purification processes.
• For example, adding polar solvents can improve solubility during solution preparation, while solvents can convert the resin into soluble intermediates for subsequent reactions.

5. Limitations of Solubility

• Solubility remains limited due to the resin’s large molecular size and complex structure, which slow dissolution. Practical applications require optimizing solvents, temperature, and concentration to achieve full dissolution, especially for high-purity or low-residue requirements.

II. Reactions Between Coumarone-Indene Resin and Methanol

1. Reactivity of Coumarone-Indene Resin

• As a high-molecular-weight compound, couparene-indane resin participates in various chemical reactions. Under specific conditions, it reacts with methanol, a process influenced by both its chemical properties and methanol’s solvent role.
• Methanol acts as a solvent by dissolving the resin, providing an optimal environment for reactions, reducing side reactions, and offering activation energy to accelerate interactions.

2. Reaction Mechanism

• The reaction involves multiple steps: methanol first forms a stable complex with the resin, which then undergoes transformations to generate new compounds. Methanol’s role as a solvent is crucial, as it disrupts the resin’s nonpolar shell, exposing functional groups for reaction.

3. Optimizing Reaction Conditions

• Efficiency and selectivity can be improved by selecting polar solvents (e.g., methanol, ethanol), controlling temperature, and adjusting reaction time. Adding catalysts may further accelerate the process, with catalyst choice dependent on the reaction system and desired products.

4. Product Analysis

• Post-reaction analysis involves evaluating product structure, purity, and yield using techniques like infrared spectroscopy (IR) or nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to confirm successful transformation.

5. Industrial Applications

• The reaction has significant potential in petroleum refining, chemical production, and materials science for synthesizing fine chemicals and high-performance materials. Future research may explore new reaction types and conditions to expand applications.

III. Comparing Solubility of Coumarone-Indene Resin and Methanol

1. Causes of Solubility Differences

• Coumarone-indane resin’s insolubility in methanol stems from its high molecular weight, polarity (due to aromatic rings), and complex structure, whereas methanol’s simple, nonpolar structure limits interactions.

2. Practical Significance of Solubility

• Partial dissolution under optimized conditions (e.g., polar solvents, adjusted temperature/concentration) enables resin solutions for reactions or purification. For example, polar solvents improve solubility during solution preparation, while solvents aid in converting the resin into soluble intermediates.

3. Strategies to Improve Solubility

• Use polar solvents (e.g., ethanol, acetone) to break the resin’s nonpolar matrix. Adjust temperature and concentration to enhance molecular interaction and dispersion, promoting dissolution.

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