1、Phosphorus

To prepare epoxy resins (EP) with flame retardancy and remolding capability, novel amine curing agents (DDPM and DDPS), which incorporate phosphonates and bis-Schiff bases, were used to replace DDM partially or completely for EP curing.

2、An Itaconic Acid‐Based Phosphorus‐Containing Oligomer Endowing Epoxy

With the aim to reduce the influence of flammability and brittleness of epoxy resin (EP) on its applications, a phosphorus-containing oligomer (BID) containing phosphophenanthrene group and flexible chain segment is designed and applied to methyltetrahydrophthalic anhydride (MeTHPA) curing EP systems.

3、Curing and Degradation Kinetics of Phosphorus

Therefore, this work aimed to assess the kinetics of cross-linking and degradation of epoxy resin obtained from eugenol derivatives and cured with three types of amines: aliphatic: triethylenetetramine (TETA); aromatic: diaminodiphenylmethane (DDM), and cycloaliphatic isophorone diamine (IDA).

4、Phosphorus

The present work reports the synthesis of novel phosphorus- and silicon-based curing agent for epoxy resins which can be used as a reactive FR moiety. The final product was used along with the commercial polyamide in different proportions for curing the commercial epoxy.

5、A phosphorus/silicon hybrid curing agent for epoxy resin

This study proposes an effective strategy for the development of high-performance epoxy resin curing agents, offering fresh perspectives for overcoming traditional performance trade-offs through molecular structure design.

New Phosphorus

Recognizing need for high thermal stability PWB, the company has developed a new flame-retardant curing agent that provides the desired level of flame retardancy, high glass transition temperature (Tg) and high thermal stability of a thermosetting resin, such as an epoxy resin.

Phosphorus

To prepare epoxy resins (EP) with flame retardancy and remolding capability, novel amine curing agents (DDPM and DDPS), which incorporate phosphonates and bis-Schiff bases, were used to replace DDM partially or completely for EP curing.

Synthesis and properties of a phosphate ester as curing agent in an

In this paper, several novel phosphate esters, used as curing agents for epoxy resins, were synthesized based on P 2 O 5, phosphoric acid, and different types of alcohol.

A new phosphorus flame‐retard curing agent for epoxy resin/anhydride

A new phosphorus containing anhydride (DPO-MA) curing agent is successfully synthesized via the addition reaction between diphenylphosphinoxid (DPO) and maleic anhydride (MA). It can improve the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP) without significantly deteriorating its mechanical properties.

Promising low

Study on synthesis of novel phosphorus-containing flame retardant epoxy curing agents from renewable resources and the comprehensive properties of their combined cured products

In numerous modern industrial fields, epoxy resins are ubiquitous, and a critical step in their application lies in the curing process. The selection of curing agents directly impacts the performance, durability, and cost of the final product. Phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents have become a focus of attention in the industry due to their unique chemical properties and excellent performance.

Phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents are compounds containing phosphoric acid groups. During the curing process, they react chemically with the hydroxyl groups in epoxy resins, forming stable ester bonds and thereby promoting the curing reaction of the epoxy resin. These curing agents not only provide exceptional crosslinking density but also offer superior mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and electrical performance.

Understanding the Chemical Foundation Phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents typically consist of phosphate ester compounds, which contain one or more phosphate ester groups in their molecular structure. When these compounds react with the hydroxyl groups in epoxy resins, they release water vapor while forming stable ester bonds. This bond formation tightly interconnects epoxy resin molecules, creating a robust network structure.

The ability of phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents to promote epoxy resin curing stems from the following characteristics:

1. High Reactivity: The phosphate ester groups in these curing agents rapidly and completely react with the hydroxyl groups in epoxy resins. This enables the curing process to be completed in a short time, significantly reducing production cycles.

2. Excellent Crosslinking Density: These curing agents provide high crosslinking density, resulting in better mechanical properties and chemical resistance in the cured resin. This is particularly important for applications exposed to harsh environmental conditions.

3. Superior Heat Resistance: Phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents maintain their performance at high temperatures, making them suitable for engineering applications in高温 environments. For example, in aerospace, automotive manufacturing, and other fields,耐高温 performance is crucial.

4. Outstanding Electrical Properties: These curing agents deliver excellent electrical properties, which is essential for electronic encapsulation materials. They effectively prevent current leakage, enhancing the safety of electronic products.

phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents are not without drawbacks. Due to their highly reactive nature, they are susceptible to moisture and certain chemicals, requiring careful avoidance of contact with such substances during use. Additionally, their relatively high cost is a factor to consider for widespread application.

Despite these challenges, the application prospects of phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents remain promising. In industries such as automotive manufacturing, aerospace, and construction, they are gradually becoming mainstream curing materials. Not only do they deliver high-performance products, but they also help reduce production costs and environmental impact.

Looking Ahead Research and application of phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents will continue to advance. Scientists are actively developing more environmentally friendly and cost-effective alternatives to meet growing market demands. With the emergence of new materials and technologies, these curing agents are poised to expand into broader application spaces. It is foreseeable that phosphoric acid-based epoxy curing agents will continue to play a vital role in future industrial sectors, contributing even greater value to human society.