1、A critical review of dynamic bonds containing curing agents for epoxy
Investigated the mechanical, thermomechanical, thermal, and recycling properties of the epoxy thermosets cured by developed curing agents. Addressed the challenges, opportunities and emerging trends in the field.
2、Synthesis and application of thermal latent initiators of epoxy resins
properties of the cured epoxy resin strongly depend on both the curing agents and curing conditions used. Epoxy curing agents can be divided into two types: apparent curing agents and latent initiators.
3、环氧树脂固化剂的常见类型及其固化机理
环氧树脂固化剂的常见类型及其固化机理 本文简要概述了环氧树脂固化剂的常见类型及其固化机理。 包括脂肪族二胺和多胺、芳香族多胺、其他含氮化合物和改性脂肪族胺。 伯胺和仲胺对环氧树脂的固化作用是通过氮原子上的活性氢打开环氧基团，使其交联 ...
4、Epoxy Resin Curing Agents and Initiators
The final properties of cured epoxy resins are affected by the type of epoxy resin, curing agent, and curing process. This paper aims to review the synthesis, curing process, and application of epoxy resins.
The epoxy resin system: function and role of curing agents
Curing agents are critical components of aqueous epoxy resin systems. Unfortunately, its uses and applications are restricted because of its low emulsifying yields. Epoxy resins are frequently used in electrical devices, castings, packaging, adhesive, corrosion resistance, and dip coating.
Curing Agent: Types & Process of Curing Agents for Epoxy Resin
Explore the main types of curing agents & various crosslinking methods which help to improve the polymerization process to select the right curing agent for coating formulation.
Synthesis and application of epoxy resins: A review
The final properties of cured epoxy resins are affected by the type of epoxy resin, curing agent, and curing process. This paper aims to review the synthesis, curing process, and application of epoxy resins.
Novel Thermal Latent Curing Agents for Epoxy Resins Based on Dual
Herein, we present a dual-locked thermal latent curing agent based on aminopyridines, protected by amidation and N-oxidation, designed to enhance both pot life and final curing eficiency.
Interactions and Curing Dynamics Between UV
These properties, along with rapid UV curing, support the suitability of the proposed systems for advanced applications such as system-in-package (SiP) and 3D integration.
Current situation and development trend of reactive epoxy resin curing
With the development of industrial technology in China, there are many kinds of epoxy resin curing products, including polyamine curing agent, acid anhydride curing agent, polymercaptan curing agent and so on.
In modern industrial and construction sectors, epoxy resins are widely utilized due to their exceptional mechanical properties, chemical stability, and excellent electrical insulation. The curing process of epoxy resins is critical to their final application, and curing agents and initiators are two indispensable components in this process. This article explores the principles, classifications, selection, and application considerations of epoxy resin curing agents and initiators.
1. Role of Epoxy Resin Curing Agents
Curing agents play a vital role in epoxy resin systems. Their primary function is to chemically react with the epoxide groups in the resin, forming a stable polymer network structure. This process, known as the curing reaction, typically involves multiple steps, including prepolymer preparation, cross-linking reactions, and final hardening and solidification. The choice of curing agent significantly impacts the physical properties of the final product. For example, aliphatic amine curing agents provide good mechanical strength and chemical resistance but may limit flexibility, while aromatic amine curing agents offer better flexibility but potentially lower chemical resistance.
2. Role of Initiators
Initiators trigger the curing reaction in epoxy systems by decomposing to generate free radicals, which rapidly bind to the epoxide groups in the resin, initiating cross-linking reactions. Initiators vary in type and can be classified into high-temperature initiators (e.g., benzoyl peroxide, BPO) and low-temperature initiators (e.g., azobisisobutyronitrile, AIBN) based on their decomposition temperatures. The selection of initiators must balance curing speed, cost, and environmental factors. For instance, biodegradable initiators may be preferred in certain applications due to their reduced environmental impact after disposal.
3. Interaction Between Curing Agents and Initiators
The interaction between curing agents and initiators determines the curing characteristics of the system. When initiators decompose to produce free radicals, these radicals quickly interact with the epoxide groups, accelerating cross-linking reactions. This synergy enables the system to achieve desired mechanical and chemical properties in a short time. Additionally, the ratio of initiators to curing agents affects curing outcomes. Generally, the initiator dosage should meet or exceed the curing agent’s requirement to ensure sufficient free radical generation for effective cross-linking.
4. Selection and Application of Curing Agents and Initiators
Choosing the right curing agents and initiators is crucial for optimizing product performance. Curing agent selection depends on resin type, desired mechanical properties, and operating temperature. For example, aliphatic amines may be suitable for high-strength applications, while aromatic amines are better for chemical resistance. Initiator selection considers decomposition temperature, reaction rate, and availability. In specialized fields, eco-friendly biodegradable initiators may be required to meet sustainability goals.
curing agents and initiators are key to unlocking the superior properties of epoxy resins. By understanding their mechanisms, classifications, and application principles, engineers and technicians can optimize curing processes to meet diverse engineering needs. With advancements in materials science and stricter environmental regulations, future research will likely focus on developing high-performance, low-toxicity, and renewable curing agents and initiators to advance green chemical industries.
