1、Terpene resin

Do not use mouth to mouth resuscitation if the victim ingested or inhaled the chemical. Take off contaminated clothing immediately. Wash off with soap and plenty of water. Consult a doctor. Rinse with pure water for at least 15 minutes. Consult a doctor. Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting.

2、Risk management scope for certain substances in the Fourteen Terpene

Commiphora myrrha gum oil, Commiphora myrrha leaf cell extract, Commiphora myrrha resin, Commiphora myrrha resin extract, and myrrh oil are listed in the NHPID with a non-medicinal role for topical or oral use as a flavour enhancer, fragrance ingredient, masking agent, and/or skin protectant.

3、Indoor air chemistry: Terpene reaction products and airway effects

Human cell bioassays with key reaction products from ozone-initiated terpene reactions have shown some inflammatory reactions, but results are difficult to interpret for human exposure and risk assessment.

4、Terpene resin

Terpenes are derived biosynthetically from units of isoprene, which has the molecular formula C5H8. The basic molecular formulae of terpenes are multiples of that, (C5H8)n where n is the number of linked isoprene units." [Wikipedia]

The FEMA GRAS assessment of aliphatic and aromatic terpene hydrocarbons

Scientific data relevant to the safety evaluation of the use of aliphatic and aromatic terpene hydrocarbons as flavor-ing ingredients are evaluated.

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS OF TERPENES & TERPENOIDS & THEIR ROLES IN HUMAN HEALTH

Terpenoids are a distinct group of hydrocarbons that contain oxygen. These are terpenes that have been altered by adding or removing functional groups and oxidised methyl groups at different positions.

Toxicity of Terpenoids in Human Health

Many of these are concentrated into hydrophobic liquids such as essential oils that can be effectively used in treating human diseases and as supportive health care agents. They have a low toxicity to normal tissues, are highly well tolerated and are, therefore, relatively safe.

EWG's Guide to Healthy Cleaning

The Healthy Cleaning ingredient hazard score, from A to F, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients. The EWG Verified ® mark means a product meets EWG’s strictest criteria for transparency and health.

Is Resin Toxic? [+Safety Precautions]

Learn about resin toxicity, its types, safety tips, and how to handle, store, and dispose of resin safely.

TERPENES

[Hawley] Over 4000 terpenes have been identified. They are natural compounds derived from units of isoprene. Turpentine and the monoterpenes (alpha-Pinene, beta-Pinene, and delta3-Carene) are skin irritants, potential skin sensitizers, and at high concentrations CNS depressants.

In modern industrial and commercial activities, hydrogenated terpene resin, as an important synthetic material, is widely used in plastics, rubber, coatings, and various packaging materials. It is known for its excellent processing properties and durability. with the proliferation of its applications, research on the potential health risks of hydrogenated terpene resin to humans has been increasing. This article explores the potential hazards of hydrogenated terpene resin to human health, analyzes its sources, impacts, and proposes mitigation measures.

Sources of Hydrogenated Terpene Resin Hydrogenated terpene resin primarily originates as a byproduct of petroleum refining, undergoing chemical treatment to form a polymer. Due to its unique chemical structure, it exhibits a low softening point and high heat resistance, which has led to its widespread use in many industrial fields.

Potential Health Risks

1. Harmful Byproducts in Production: The manufacturing process may generate toxic substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals. Prolonged exposure to these substances can lead to chronic poisoning or severe consequences like cancer.

2. Toxicity Under High Temperatures: When heated, hydrogenated terpene resin releases toxic gases, including formaldehyde and styrene. Long-term inhalation of these fumes can damage the respiratory and nervous systems. Additionally, formaldehyde is linked to diseases such as leukemia and cancer.

3. Bioaccumulation via the Food Chain: Harmful components in hydrogenated terpene resin may accumulate through environmental degradation. For example, plastic products breaking down in nature could leach toxic substances into soil and water, contaminating the food chain.

Mitigation and Prevention Measures

1. Strengthen Regulation and Testing: Governments should enforce stricter oversight on the production and usage of hydrogenated terpene resin to ensure compliance with national and international safety standards. Regular safety inspections of plastic products sold in the market should be conducted to identify and remove non-compliant items.

2. Raise Public Awareness: Educate the public through media and educational channels about the potential risks of hydrogenated terpene resin. Encourage consumers to choose non-toxic or low-toxicity alternatives and reduce reliance on plastic products.

3. Promote Eco-Friendly Materials: Incentivize businesses and research institutions to develop and adopt sustainable materials, such as biodegradable plastics and natural fibers, as substitutes for traditional hydrogenated terpene resin products.

4. Advance Scientific Research: Increase investment in studying the environmental behavior of hydrogenated terpene resin, including its decomposition products and metabolic pathways. Use scientific evidence to guide safer management and usage strategies.

5. Improve Legal Frameworks: Enhance legislation to regulate the production, application, and disposal of hydrogenated terpene resin, ensuring minimal harm to human health and the environment.

While hydrogenated terpene resin offers significant convenience as a synthetic material, it also poses health risks. To address these challenges, comprehensive efforts are needed: strengthening regulatory oversight, raising public awareness, promoting eco-friendly alternatives, advancing scientific research, and refining legal frameworks. Only through collaborative action can we ensure the safe and responsible use of hydrogenated terpene resin while safeguarding environmental and public health.